2002 - Illinois (USA)

Place: Travel

Season: Spring/Summer

Source: Water System

Considers biofilms: Yes

Treatment used prior to the outbreak: Lack of adequate maintenance (low levels of bromine disinfectant due to extensive use of the facilities); Aerosol formation

Actions in response to the outbreak: Hyperchlorination


Clinical


Environmental


Match

Species/Serogroup

L. micdadei, L. maceachernii

L. micdadei, L. maceachernii, L. dumoffi

Sequence Type

Unknown

Unknown

Possible match

Monoclonal Antibody Type

Unknown

Unknown

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  References
Title Authors Journal Year More
Outbreak of Travel-Related Pontiac Fever among Hotel Guests Illustrating the Need for Better Diagnostic Tests Gregory D. Huhn, Barb Adam, Roger Ruden, Lisa Hilliard, Pam Kirkpatrick, Jeffrey Todd, William Crafts, Douglas Passaro, Mark S. Dworkin Journal of Travel Medicine 2005
Legionellosis associated with recreational waters: A systematic review of cases and outbreaks in swimming pools, spa pools, and similar environments Leoni E., Catalani F., Marini S., Dallolio L. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018 Legionellosis Associated with Recreational Waters: A Systematic Review of Cases and Outbreaks in Swimming Pools, Spa Pools, and Similar Environments Leoni, E.; Catalani, F.; Marini, S.; Dallolio, L. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018